[Alfresco] delete a specific file without archival

If you want to delete a specific file without archival, then you can just apply the sys:temporary aspect prior to deletion.

nodeService.addAspect(nodeRef, ContentModel.ASPECT_TEMPORARY); 

PS: NodeService is not exposed as WebService API.

Reference:
Archive Store Lucene query
Invoking NodeService instance
Disabling Document Archival